Number of days from effective seeding until 80% of the plants are heading

Number of days from effective seeding until 80% of the grains on the panicles are fully ripened

Measure the highest leaf below the flag leaf (penultimate leaf) on the main culm from the ligule to the tip of the blade on five representative plants. Calculate average to nearest centimeter.

Measure at the widest portion of the penultimate leaf (i.e. highest leaf below the flag leaf) on the main culm on five representative plants. Calculate average to nearest cm. Oryza sativa leaf can be coded as narrow (< 1 cm), internediate (1-2 cm) or broad (>2 cm).

Measured near the collar. Angle of attachment between the flag leaf blade and the main panicle axis. Record the average of five samples.

Measured from ground level to the base of the panicle. Record the average of five actual measurements, to the nearest cm.

The presence and distribution of awns along the panicle. Stage: flowering to maturity.

Length of main axis of panicle measured from the panicle base to the tip. Record the average of five representative plants. Stage: 7 days after anthesis or upon full panicle exsertion.

Stage: near maturity

The compactness of the panicle, classified according to its mode of branching, angle of primary branches, and spikelet density.

Culm Angle - rice direct-seeded in rows.

Awn color

Basal leaf sheath color at vegetative

Culm diameter of basal internode at reproductive in millimeter

Count tillers with panicles and those without panicles on 5 samples

Count only the tillers with panicles on 5 samples.

Ligule length in millimeter

Ligule shape

Panicle exsertion at reproductive

Panicle shattering

Proportion of plants that have lodged by maturity

Record the average length of five spikelets. For spikelets with symmetrical sterile lemmas (i.e. sterile length the same on both sides), record the length here. For spikelets with asymmetrical sterile lemmas (i.e. sterile lemma on one side longer than that on the other), record here only the length of the shorter sterile lemma (see below for the longer sterile lemma).

Thousand kernel weight of brown rice, based on a count of 100 or more.

Determined using the colorimetric determination method (AAC Method 61-03.01).

Peak viscosity in centipoise (cP) was determined by Rapid Visco-Analysis

Peak Viscosity minus Trough Viscosity

Final Viscosity minus Peak Viscosity

Pasting temperature derived from the Rapid Visco-analysis

Peak viscosity in centipoise (cP) was determined by Rapid Visco-Analysis

Protein content at dry moisture basis or zero moisture) [%]

Head rice ratio determined as the proportion of whole grain in a 100 g sample

Length to width ratio determined by S21 statistical rice analyzer

Chalkiness determined by S21 statistical rice analyzer

Lightness determined by Colorimetry

Redness determined by Colorimetry