Lima bean descriptors

1982

Lima bean, Phaseolus lunatus L., has been recognized by many scientists as a grain legume well adapted to the subhumid and humid lowland tropics. Although the plant originated in Latin America, it is also extensively cultivated and studied in temperate or subtropical regions of other continents.

Crop
limabean
Publisher
IBPGR
Bibliographic citation

IBPGR. (1982). Lima bean descriptors. Rome: Bioversity.

Version
1982

Measured on the terminal laeflet of third trifoliate leaf-from pulvinus to leaf tip

Classification
Characterization
Data type
Scale
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

Legend:

3

5-7 cm

5

9-11 cm

7

13-15 cm

Measured on the terminal leaflet of third trifoliate leaf according to the ratio of length, (1) to width (w). See Figure 1

Classification
Characterization
Data type
Coded
CodeTermDescription
1Round
3Ovate
5Ovate-lanceolate
7Lanceolate
9Linear-lanceolate
Classification
Characterization
Data type
Coded
CodeTermDescription
1Determinate with probable genotypeDd
2Indeterminate, with probable genotypeD

From emergence to stage when 90% of pods are ripe

Classification
Characterization
Data type
Free text

Average from 10 random plants: if determinate type, from cotyledon scar to last leaf; if indeterminate type, from cotyledon scar to first flowering node

Classification
Characterization
Data type
Numeric

From emergence to stage when 50% of plants have begun to flower

Classification
Characterization
Data type
Free text
Classification
Characterization
Data type
Coded
CodeTermDescription
1White, with probable genotypeCc or C-rrpp
3Light pink, with probable genotype (C-R-pp or
5Deep pink to purple, with probable genotype (C-rrP or
7Violet, with probable genotypeC-R-P

Of fully expanded immature pod See Figure 2

Classification
Characterization
Data type
Scale
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

Legend:

0

Straight

3

Slightly curved

7

Curved

From emergence to stage when 50% of plants have mature pods

Classification
Characterization
Data type
Free text

Of mature pods

Classification
Characterization
Data type
Coded
CodeTermDescription
1Brown
2Brown with re/ purple spotting or moltingPigmented patches
3Red, purple or blackPigmented all over

Average of 20 randomly chosen mature pods. If pods are curved, measure the longest straight line from base to tip of pods

Classification
Characterization
Data type
Numeric
Unit of measure
cm

Ovule attachment on 20 randomly chosen pods

Classification
Characterization
Data type
Numeric

The lightest colour

Classification
Characterization
Data type
Coded
CodeTermDescription
1Green
2White
3Grey
4Yellow
5Buff
6Light brown
7Maroon
8Pink
9Red
10Dark red
11Purple red
12Black

Eye always included; if bicoloured pattern consider only the lightest colour of the pattern

Classification
Characterization
Data type
Coded
CodeTermDescription
0No pattern
1Green
2Light brown or orange
3Dark brown
4Red
5Purple red
6Black

Darkest colour of pattern

Classification
Characterization
Data type
Coded
CodeTermDescription
0Monocoloured pattern/no pattern
1Dark red
2Purple red
3Black

The different shapes and localization of the pigments observed on the seed testa form the basis for this classification into various patterns. In the following descriptions, refer to Figures 3 and 4 for each part of seed described

Classification
Characterization
Data type
Coded
CodeTermDescription
0No pattern , Group A
1Pattern around eye only, Group B
2Eye distinct with few specks on body, Group C1
3Eye distinct with many specks on body, Group C2
4Eye distinct with blotches on < 50% of body, Group D1
5Eye distinct with blotches on >50% of body, Group D2
6Eye linked to other parts of pattern, blotches in hilar region (more developed towards micropyle), some specks may be present, Group E1
7Eye linked to other parts of pattern, blotch covering hilar region and front side, some specks may be present, Group E2
8Eye linked to other parts of pattern, blotch covering hilar region, back, front and keel, specks present on rest of body, Group E3
9Eye linked to other parts of pattern, blotch in hilar region, body has bands radiating from hilar region, Group E4
10Eye linked to. other parts of pattern, blotch in hilar region, body has bands oriented radially and transversely, Group E5
11Body sparsely mottled, Group F1
12Body moderately mottled, some joined to form a blotch, Group F2
13Body intensely mottled, seed background is almost hidden, Group F3

Seed taken from middle of pod, see figure 5 for descriptor states

Classification
Characterization
Data type
Free text

Average of 10 ripe seeds chosen at random

Classification
Characterization
Data type
Numeric
Unit of measure
mm

Average of 10 ripe seeds chosen at random

Classification
Characterization
Data type
Numeric
Unit of measure
mm

Weight of 100 seeds moisture content 12 – 14 %

Classification
Characterization
Data type
Free text
Classification
Characterization
Data type
Coded
CodeTermDescription
1White
2Green
3Red or purple
Classification
Characterization
Data type
Coded
CodeTermDescription
1Green, with probable genotype cc or C-rrpp or C-R-Rb-
2Red, with probable genotype C-R-rbrb
3Red purple, with probable genotype C-R-P-rbrb
4Purple, with probable C-rrP-rbrb

At 4-6 weeks after planting

Classification
Characterization
Data type
Coded
CodeTermDescription
0No pigmentation, with probable genotype cc or C-rrpp
3Localized to nodes, with probable genotype C-R-pp or C-rrP-
5Extensive or C-R-P-
7Almost Solid
Classification
Characterization
Data type
Coded
CodeTermDescription
0Absent
3Narrow
7Wide

On inner face

Classification
Characterization
Data type
Coded
CodeTermDescription
1Green
2Purple
Classification
Characterization
Data type
Coded
CodeTermDescription
0Absent
1Present

4-6 weeks after planting

Classification
Characterization
Data type
Scale
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

Legend:

3

Pale green

5

Intermediate green

7

Dark green

On inner face of first fully expanded leaves from tip

Classification
Characterization
Data type
Scale
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

Legend:

0

Glabrous

3

Slightly pubescent

5

Moderately pubescent

7

Highly pubescent

6 weeks after planting

Classification
Characterization
Data type
Scale
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

Legend:

3

Long internodes on main stems, few lateral branches, type Fordhook

5

Intermediate

7

Short internodes on main stems, numerous lateral branches, type Henderson

See Figure 6

Classification
Characterization
Data type
Scale
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

Legend:

3

Short and erect lateral branches

5

Branches tending to be perpendicular to main stem, medium in length

7

First lateral branches long and spreading over ground

6 weeks after planting

Classification
Characterization
Data type
Scale
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

Legend:

1

One main stem, none or few short lateral branches

3

One main stem, few lateral branches starting from the first nodes

5

Two or three main stems starting from the first nodes

7

Two or three main stems and other lateral branches

9

Densely branched

On 10 random plants

Classification
Characterization
Data type
Numeric
Unit of measure
cm

On 10 random mature plants, from cotyledon scar to tip of plant

Classification
Characterization
Data type
Free text

When 90% of pods are ripe

Classification
Characterization
Data type
Scale
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

Legend:

3

Few leaves remaining

5

Intermediate

7

Most leaves remaining

Just before opening. See Figure 7

Classification
Characterization
Data type
Scale
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

Legend:

3

Small 3.6-4.5 cm

5

Medium 5.6-6.5 cm

7

Large 7.6-8.5 cm

Colour of tip

Classification
Characterization
Data type
Coded
CodeTermDescription
1Greenish, with probable genotype cc or C-rrpp
2Tinged (pink or purple), with probable genotype C-R-pp or C-rrP- or C-R-P-

Upper part of inner side

Classification
Characterization
Data type
Coded
CodeTermDescription
1White
3Light pink
5Deep pink to purple
7Violet

Outer face of freshly opened flower

Classification
Characterization
Data type
Scale
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

Legend:

0

Absent

3

Sparsely hairy on tip

5

Moderately hairy

7

Densely hairy all over

Freshly opened flowers. See Figure 8

Classification
Characterization
Data type
Coded
CodeTermDescription
0Parallel wings; closed
3Intermediate opening
7Wings widely diverging

One raceme from each of 10 plants at pod filling period If determinate type, one terminal raceme If indeterminate type, one lateral raceme (6th from apex)

Classification
Characterization
Data type
Numeric

One raceme from each of 10 plants at pod filling period If determinate type, one terminal raceme If indeterminate type, one lateral raceme (6th from apex)

Classification
Characterization
Data type
Numeric
Unit of measure
cm

At fully expanded green pod stage

Classification
Characterization
Data type
Coded
CodeTermDescription
3Within foliage
5Intermediate
7Emerging from leaf canopy

From first flowers to stage where 50% of plants have finished flowering

Classification
Characterization
Data type
Free text

On fully expanded immature pods

Classification
Characterization
Data type
Coded
CodeTermDescription
0Glabrous
1Pubescent

On fully expanded immature pods. See Figure 9

Classification
Characterization
Data type
Coded
CodeTermDescription
1Short beak
2Medium length beak
3Long beak
4Thick beak
Classification
Characterization
Data type
Coded
CodeTermDescription
1Mainly concentrated at the base
2Mainly concentrated in the middle
3Mainly concentrated at the top
4Evenly distributed throughout the plant
5Variably distributed

At maturity

Classification
Characterization
Data type
Coded
CodeTermDescription
1Upright
2Prostrate

At maturity

Classification
Characterization
Data type
Coded
CodeTermDescription
0Non-shattering
1Shattering

Of the largest width from 20, randomly chosen, mature pods

Classification
Characterization
Data type
Free text

Average from 20 randomly chosen ripe pods

Classification
Characterization
Data type
Numeric

Radicle emergence

Classification
Characterization
Data type
Coded
CodeTermDescription
0Absent
1Present
Classification
Characterization
Data type
Coded
CodeTermDescription
0Absent
1Present

Transverse ridges may exist radiating from the hilum to the opposite edge of seed

Classification
Characterization
Data type
Coded
CodeTermDescription
3Smooth
5Moderately ridged
7Markedly ridged

94% ethanol displaced by 100 seeds

Classification
Characterization
Data type
Numeric
Unit of measure
ml

Of ripe seeds

Classification
Characterization
Data type
Coded
CodeTermDescription
1White, With probable genotype G-
2Green, with probable genotype gg
Classification
Characterization
Data type
Numeric
Unit of measure
%

In minutes (specify how long in storage and cooking method in the NOTES descriptor, 11)

Classification
Characterization
Data type
Free text

Colorimetric or potentiometric methods, specify method in the NOTES descriptor, 11

Classification
Characterization
Data type
Free text