IRRI Genebank Descriptors for Rice used before 2007 is based on: Descriptors for Rice Oryza sativa L. (by IBPGR-IRRI Rice Advisory Committee, International Rice Research Institute 1980) and IRRI's Standard Evaluation System (SES) for Rice (by INGER Genetic Resources Center, July 1996).
Year and season of planting.
The format is yyyyWS for wet season of the year and yyyyDS for dry season.
Length of the anther (the sac of the stamen of the seed plants that contains the pollen). Observed in wild species.
Color of apiculus (tip of the lemma or palea) at post-harvest. Observed in all species.
| Code | Term | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 010 | White | |
| 011 | Whitish | |
| 020 | Straw | |
| 050 | Brown (Tawny) | |
| 051 | Light Brown | |
| 052 | Brown | |
| 070 | Red | |
| 071 | Red Apex | |
| 080 | Purple | |
| 087 | Purple Apex | |
| 100 | Black | |
| 101 | Black Apex | |
| 999 | Mixture |
Color of apiculus (tip of the lemma or palea) at reproductive. Observed in all species.
| Code | Term | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 010 | White | |
| 011 | Whitish | |
| 020 | Straw | |
| 052 | Brown (tawny) | |
| 060 | Green | |
| 070 | Red | |
| 071 | Red apex | |
| 080 | Purple | |
| 087 | Purple apex | |
| 100 | Black | |
| 999 | Mixture |
Presence of hairs on apiculus surface. Observed in wild species.
| Code | Term | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Glabrous | |
| 2 | Pubescent | |
| 3 | Hispid |
Color of auricle (small paired ear-like appendages on either side of the base of the leaf blade) at vegetative. Observed in all species.
| Code | Term | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 000 | Absent | |
| 010 | White | |
| 060 | Green | |
| 061 | Light Green | |
| 062 | Yellowish Green | |
| 080 | Purple | |
| 083 | Purple Shade | |
| 999 | Mixture |
Color of auricle (small paired ear-like appendages on either side of the base of the leaf blade) at 75 days after germination. Observed in wild species.
| Code | Term | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 000 | Absent | |
| 010 | White | |
| 060 | Green | |
| 061 | Light Green | |
| 062 | Yellowish Green | |
| 080 | Purple | |
| 083 | Purple Shade | |
| 999 | Mixture |
Presence of auricle (small paired ear-like appendages on either side of the base of the leaf blade) at 30 days after germination. Observed in wild species.
| Code | Term | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 0 | Absent | |
| 1 | Present |
Presence of hairs on auricle surface at 30 days after germination. Observed in wild species.
| Code | Term | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 0 | Absent | |
| 1 | Glabrous | |
| 2 | Short Hairs | |
| 3 | Long Hairs | |
| 999 | Mixture |
Presence of hairs on auricle surface at 75 days after germination. Observed in wild species.
| Code | Term | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 0 | Absent | |
| 1 | Glabrous | |
| 2 | Short Hairs | |
| 3 | Long Hairs | |
| 999 | Mixture |
Color of awn (a bristle-like extension of varying lengths originating from the lemma of the grain). Observed in all species.
| Code | Term | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 000 | Awnless | |
| 020 | Straw | |
| 040 | Gold | |
| 052 | Brown (tawny) | |
| 070 | Red | |
| 080 | Purple | |
| 100 | Black | |
| 999 | Mixture |
Measurement of random awns at anthesis stage. Observed in wild species.
Awn length at postharvest. Observed in wild species.
Presence of awn at reproductive stage. Observed in all species.
| Code | Term | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 0 | Absent | |
| 1 | Short and Partly awned | |
| 5 | Short and Fully awned | |
| 7 | Long and Partly Awned | |
| 9 | Long and Fully Awned | |
| 999 | Mixture |
Presence of awn at post-harvest stage. Observed in wild species.
| Code | Term | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 0 | Absent | |
| 1 | Short and Partly awned | |
| 5 | Short and Fully awned | |
| 7 | Long and Partly Awned | |
| 9 | Long and Fully Awned | |
| 999 | Mixture |
Awn texture at anthesis. Observed in wild species.
| Code | Term | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Soft | |
| 2 | Rigid |
Awn texture at post-harvest. Observed in wild species.
| Code | Term | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Smooth | |
| 2 | Pubescent | |
| 3 | Scabrous |
Awn thickness at post-harvest. Obeserved in wild species.
Color of the uppermost leaf below the flag leaf on the main culm at anthesis. Observed in wild species.
| Code | Term | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 060 | Green | |
| 061 | Light green | |
| 063 | Dark green | |
| 080 | Purple | |
| 085 | Purple Margins | |
| 086 | Purple Tips | |
| 089 | Purple Blotch | |
| 999 | Mixture |
Color of the uppermost leaf below the flag leaf on the main culm at vegetative stage. Observed in all species.
| Code | Term | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 060 | Green | |
| 061 | Light green | |
| 063 | Dark green | |
| 080 | Purple | |
| 085 | Purple Margins | |
| 086 | Purple Tips | |
| 089 | Purple Blotch | |
| 999 | Mixture |
Presence of hairs in blade surface at anthesis. Observed in wild species.
| Code | Term | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Glabrous | |
| 2 | Intermediate | |
| 3 | Pubescent | |
| 999 | Mixture |
Presence of hairs in blade surface at vegetative. Observed in all species
| Code | Term | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Glabrous | |
| 2 | Intermediate | |
| 3 | Pubescent | |
| 999 | Mixture |
Color of the outer surface of the leaf sheath at 100 days after germination. Observed in wild species.
| Code | Term | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 060 | Green | |
| 080 | Purple | |
| 081 | Light purple | |
| 084 | Purple lines | |
| 999 | Mixture |
Color of the outer surface of the leaf sheath at vegetative. Observed in all species.
| Code | Term | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 060 | Green | |
| 080 | Purple | |
| 081 | Light purple | |
| 084 | Purple lines | |
| 999 | Mixture |
Presence of hairs in the panicle base surface at harvest stage. Observed in wild species.
| Code | Term | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Glabrous | |
| 2 | Woolly |
Color of the collar (the joint between the leaf sheath and leaf blade) at anthesis. Observed in wild species.
| Code | Term | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 000 | Collarless | |
| 011 | Whitish | |
| 060 | Green | |
| 061 | Light green | |
| 080 | Purple | |
| 999 | Mixture |
Color of the collar (the joint between the leaf sheath and leaf blade) at vegetative.
| Code | Term | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 000 | Collarless | |
| 060 | Green | |
| 061 | Light green | |
| 080 | Purple | |
| 999 | Mixture |
Chromosomes is the DNA-containing linear bodies found in the cell nuclei of plants responsible for the determination and transmissions of hereditary characters. - Number is recorded at post-harvest. - Observed in wild species.
Culm angle at 75 days after germination. Observed in wild species.
| Code | Term | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Erect | |
| 2 | Erect | |
| 3 | Intermediate | |
| 4 | Intermediate | |
| 5 | Open | |
| 6 | Open | |
| 7 | Spreading | |
| 8 | Spreading | |
| 9 | Procumbent | |
| 999 | Mixture |
Culm angle at reproductive. Observed in all species.
| Code | Term | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Erect (1) | |
| 2 | Erect (2) | |
| 3 | Intermediate (3) | |
| 4 | Intermediate (4) | |
| 5 | Open (5) | |
| 6 | Open (6) | |
| 7 | Spreading (7) | |
| 8 | Spreading (8) | |
| 9 | Procumbent | |
| 999 | Mixture |
Culm diameter of basal internode at harvest. Observed in wild species.
| Code | Term | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Thin | <5mm |
| 2 | Thick | >=5mm |
| 999 | Mixture |
Culm diameter of basal internode at reproductive (coded)
| Code | Term | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Thin (<5mm) | <5mm |
| 2 | Thick (>=5mm) | >=5mm |
| 999 | Mixture |
Culm diameter of basal internode at reproductive
Length (coded) from ground level to the base of the panicle at harvest. Observed in wild species.
| Code | Term | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | <51 cm | |
| 2 | 51-70 cm | |
| 3 | 71-90 cm | |
| 4 | 91-110 cm | |
| 5 | 111-130 cm | |
| 6 | 131-150 cm | |
| 7 | >150 cm | |
| 999 | Mixture |
Length (cm) from ground level to the base of the panicle at harvest stage. Observed in wild species.
Length (cm) from ground level to the base of the panicle at reproductive. Observed in all species.
Length (coded) from ground level to the base of the panicle at reproductive.
| Code | Term | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | <51 cm | |
| 2 | 51-70 cm | |
| 3 | 71-90 cm | |
| 4 | 91-110 cm | |
| 5 | 111-130 cm | |
| 6 | 131-150 cm | |
| 7 | >150 cm | |
| 999 | Mixture |
Culm or tiller count includes both panicle-bearing and non-bearing tillers at 75 days after germination. Observed in wild species.
Culm or tiller count (coded data) includes both panicle-bearing and non-bearing tillers at 75 days after germination. Observed in wild species.
| Code | Term | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Sparse | <10 culms |
| 2 | Medium | 10-20 culms |
| 3 | Prolific | >20 culms |
| 999 | Mixture |
Culm or tiller count (coded data) includes both panicle-bearing and non-bearing tillers at reproductive stage.
| Code | Term | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Sparse | <10 culms |
| 2 | Medium | 10-20 culms |
| 3 | Prolific | >20 culms |
| 999 | Mixture |
Culm or tiller count includes both panicle-bearing and non-bearing tillers at reproductive stage.
Characterized by gently pushing the tillers back and forth at a distance of about 30 cm. from the ground. This bending test gives some indication of brittleness and resilience. - Recorded at harvest. - Observed in wild species.
| Code | Term | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Strong | no lodging |
| 3 | Moderately strong | most plants leaning |
| 5 | Intermediate | most plants moderately lodge |
| 7 | Weak | most plants nearly flat |
| 9 | Very weak | all plants flat |
| 999 | Mixture |
Characterized by gently pushing the tillers back and forth at a distance of about 30 cm. from the ground. This test gives some indication of brittleness and resilience. Recorded at reproductive stage. Observed in cultivated species.
| Code | Term | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Strong | no lodging |
| 3 | Moderately strong | most plants leaning |
| 5 | Intermediate | most plants moderately lodge |
| 7 | Weak | most plants nearly flat |
| 9 | Very weak | all plants flat |
| 999 | Mixture |
Date from seeding to 5 % emergence of all panicles in a plot. - Observed in all species.
Date when plants are 80% fully headed
Date of seeding
Length is measured in mm from panicle base to 1st spikelet insertion. Recorded at 7 days after anthesis. Observed in wild species.
Distance (mm) from base of lowest panicle branch. Observed in wild species.
Size of embryo (miniature plant developed from the fertilized egg which, upon germination, gives rise to a young seedling). Observed at post-harvest stage in wild species.
| Code | Term | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Small | |
| 2 | Medium | |
| 3 | Large |
Endosperm type. Observed at post harvest in all species.
| Code | Term | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Non-glutinous | non-waxy |
| 2 | Glutinous | waxy |
| 3 | Indeterminate | |
| 999 | mixture |
Fertile lemma texture compared to ster.lemma. Observed at post-harvest stage in wild species.
| Code | Term | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Same | |
| 2 | Different |
Measured near the collar as the angle of attachment between the flag leaf blade and the main panicle axis. Recorded at 7 days after anthesis. - Observed in wild species.
| Code | Term | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Erect | |
| 3 | Intermediate | |
| 5 | Horizontal | |
| 7 | Descending | |
| 999 | Mixture |
Measured near the collar as the angle of attachment between the flag leaf blade and the main panicle axis. Recorded at reproductive stage. Observed in cultivated species.
| Code | Term | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Erect | |
| 2 | Erect | |
| 3 | Intermediate | |
| 4 | Intermediate | |
| 5 | Horizontal | |
| 6 | Horizontal | |
| 7 | Descending | |
| 999 | Mixture |
Flag leaf ligule length (mm). Observed at anthesis stage in wild species.
Length of the flag leaf, from the ligule to the tip of the blade. Observed at harvest stage in wild species.
Length of the flag leaf, from the ligule to the tip of the blade. Observed at 7 days after anthesis in wild species.
Width at the widest portion of the flag leaf. Observed at harvest stage in wild species.
Width at the widest portion of the flag leaf. Observed at 7 days after anthesis in wild species.
Grain attachment to pedicel at anthesis. Observed in wild species.
| Code | Term | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Oblique | |
| 2 | Transverse | |
| 999 | Mixture |
Grain attachment to pedicel at post-harvest. Observed in wild species.
| Code | Term | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Oblique | |
| 2 | Transverse | |
| 999 | Mixture |
Growth habit is measured from the angle of the tillers observed from the entire plot at 100 days after germination. Observed in wild species.
| Code | Term | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Erect | |
| 2 | Semi-erect | |
| 3 | Decumbent | |
| 4 | Prostrate | |
| 999 | Mixture |
Growth habit is measured from the angle of the tillers observed from the entire plot at 75 days after germination. Observed in wild species.
| Code | Term | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Erect | |
| 2 | Semi-erect | |
| 3 | Decumbent | |
| 4 | Prostrate | |
| 999 | Mixture |
Measured as the distance from the base of the lowermost sterile lemma to the tip (apiculus) of the fertile lemma or palea, which ever is longer. Observed at post-harvest in all species.
Grain thickness is the lateral diameter (mm) measured from 10 grains as the largest distance between the two lateral sides in the middle part of the caryopsis. Observed at post-harvest in wild species.
Measured as the distance across the fertile lemma and the palea at the widest point. Observed at post-harvest in all species.
Weight (g) is taken from 10 well-developed grains dried to 13 percent moisture content. Observed at post-harvest in wild species.
Weight (g) is taken from 100 well-developed grains dried to 13 percent moisture content. Observed at post-harvest in cultivated species.
Number of days from seeding to 80% fully headed. Observed in cultivated species.
Number of days from seeding to first flowering. Observed in wild species.
Heterogeneity of sample. Observed at harvest in wild species.
| Code | Term | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Homogeneous | |
| 2 | Heterogeneous |
Inside leafsheath color at 100 days after germination. Observed in wild species.
| Code | Term | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 001 | Hyaline | |
| 060 | Green | |
| 061 | Light green | |
| 083 | Purple shade | |
| 999 | Mixture |
Color of internode (the smooth, solid (when young), or hollow (when mature) part of the culm between two successive nodes) at harvest. Observed in wild species.
| Code | Term | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 041 | Light Gold | |
| 060 | Green | |
| 062 | Yellowish Green | |
| 080 | Purple | |
| 083 | Purple Shade | |
| 084 | Purple Lines | |
| 999 | Mixture |
Color of internode (the smooth, solid (when young), or hollow (when mature) part of the culm between two successive nodes) at reproductive. Observed in all species.
| Code | Term | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 041 | Light Gold | |
| 060 | Green | |
| 062 | Yellowish Green | |
| 080 | Purple | |
| 083 | Purple Shade | |
| 084 | Purple Lines | |
| 999 | Mixture |
Length of highest internode measured in cm. Observed at harvest in wild species.
Height (cm) or juvenile plant at 75 days after germination. Observed in wild species.
Height (cm) of juvenile plant at 100days after germination. Observed in wild species.
The angle of openness of the blade tip is measured against the culm on the leaf below the flag leaf. Recorded prior to heading. Observed in cultivated species.
| Code | Term | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Erect (1) | |
| 2 | Erect (2) | |
| 3 | Intermediate (3) | |
| 4 | Intermediate (3) | |
| 5 | Horizontal (5) | |
| 6 | Horizontal (6) | |
| 7 | Drooping (7) | |
| 8 | Drooping (8) | |
| 9 | Drooping (9) | |
| 999 | Mixture |
The completeness of plant growth in a growing season. Recorded after one year. Observed in wild species.
| Code | Term | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Annual | |
| 2 | Perennial | |
| 3 | Intermediate | |
| 999 | Mixture |
Color of ligule (the thin, upright, membranous structure attached to the base on the inside of the leaf blade) at vegetative. Observed in cultivated species.
| Code | Term | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 000 | Liguleless | |
| 011 | Whitish | |
| 080 | Purple | |
| 084 | Purple lines | |
| 999 | Mixture |
Color of ligule (the thin, upright, membranous structure attached to the base on the inside of the leaf blade) at anthesis. Observed in wild species.
| Code | Term | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 000 | Liguleless | |
| 011 | Whitish | |
| 080 | Purple | |
| 084 | Purple lines | |
| 110 | Mixture |
Length(mm) from the base of the collar to the tip. Recorded at reproductive stage.
Presence of hairs on the ligule surface at anthesis. Observed in wild species.
| Code | Term | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Glabrous | |
| 2 | Hirsute in specific places | |
| 3 | Generally hirsute | |
| 999 | Mixture |
Ligule shape at late vegetative. Observed in cultivated species.
| Code | Term | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 0 | Absent | |
| 1 | Acute to acuminate | |
| 2 | 2-cleft | |
| 3 | Tip round or truncate | |
| 999 | Mixture |
Measured in cm from the topmost blade below the flag leaf on the main culm. Recorded at reproductive stage.
Measured in cm from the topmost blade below the flag leaf on the main culm. Transformed to coded data.
| Code | Term | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Very short | <21 cm |
| 2 | Short | 21-40 cm |
| 3 | Intermediate | 41-60 cm |
| 4 | Long | 61-80cm |
| 5 | Extra long | >80 cm |
| 999 | Mixture |
Length of 2nd leaf is measured in cm at 7 days after anthesis. Observed in wild species.
Length of 2nd leaf ligule after anthesis. Observed in wild species.
Length of 2nd leaf ligule at 7 days after anthesis. Observed in wild species.
Texture of lower plant parts.- Recorded at 100 days after germination. - Observed in wild species.
| Code | Term | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Soft/spongy | |
| 2 | Hard |
Lemma and palea color at post-harvest. Observed in all species.
| Code | Term | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 010 | White | |
| 020 | Straw | |
| 042 | Gold and gold furrows | |
| 052 | Brown (tawny) | |
| 053 | Brown spots | |
| 054 | Brown furrows | |
| 070 | Red | |
| 080 | Purple | |
| 082 | Reddish and light purple | |
| 090 | Purple spots | |
| 091 | Purple furrows | |
| 100 | Black | |
| 102 | Black spots | |
| 999 | Mixture |
Lemma and palea color at anthesis. Observed in wild species.
| Code | Term | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 012 | Green-stripped white | |
| 044 | Gold-striped gold | |
| 053 | Brown spots | |
| 054 | Brown furrows | |
| 056 | Blackish brown | |
| 060 | Green | |
| 062 | Yellowish green | |
| 083 | Purple shade | |
| 090 | Purple spots | |
| 100 | Black | |
| 999 | Mixture |
Presence of hairs on the hull surface. Observed at post-harvest in all species.
| Code | Term | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Glabrous | |
| 2 | Hairs on lemma keel | |
| 3 | Hairs on upper portion | |
| 4 | Short hairs | |
| 5 | Long hairs (velvety) | |
| 999 | Mixture |
Lemma and palea surface. Observed at post-harvest in wild species.
| Code | Term | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Not granulate | |
| 2 | Granulate |
The leaves below the flagleaf are observed at the time of harvest for their retention of greenness. Observed in all species.
| Code | Term | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Late and slow (1) | |
| 2 | Late and slow (2) | |
| 3 | Late and slow (3) | |
| 4 | Intermediate (4) | |
| 5 | Intermediate (5) | |
| 6 | Intermediate (6) | |
| 7 | Early and fast (7) | |
| 8 | Early and fast (8) | |
| 9 | Early and fast (9) | |
| 999 | Mixture |
Leaf texture at anthesis. Observed in wild species.
| Code | Term | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Herbaceous | |
| 2 | Coriaceous | |
| 999 | Mixture |
Leaf texture at 75 days after germination. Observed in wild species.
| Code | Term | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Herbaceous | |
| 2 | Coriaceous | |
| 999 | Mixture |
Measured from the topmost leaf blade below the flag leaf on the main culm. Observed in cultivated species at late vegetative stage.
Measured from the topmost leaf blade below the flag leaf on the main culm. Transformed to coded data. Observed in cultivated species at late vegetative stage.
| Code | Term | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Narrow | <1 cm |
| 2 | Intermediate | 1-2 cm |
| 3 | Broad | >2 cm |
| 999 | Mixture |
Width of 2nd leaf at 7 days after anthesis. Observed in wild species.
Maturity is estimated at 30 days after full heading. Observed in cultivated species.
Mucro is a small bulge on either side of the lemmal apiculus formed by the fusion of the two lateral nerves. Observed at post-harvest in wild species.
| Code | Term | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 0 | Absent | |
| 1 | Present |
Color of node (the solid portion of the culm, panicle axis, and panicle branches) at reproductive stage. Observed in all species.
| Code | Term | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 041 | Light gold | |
| 060 | Green | |
| 080 | Purple | |
| 081 | Light Purple | |
| 999 | Mixture |
Color of nodal septum (the solid partition in the node separating two adjoining internodes). Observed at harvest in wild species.
| Code | Term | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 010 | White | |
| 031 | Light yellow | |
| 061 | Light green | |
| 080 | Purple | |
| 120 | Pink |
Panicle axis at harvest. Observed in wild species.
| Code | Term | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Straight | |
| 2 | Droopy | |
| 999 | Mixture |
Panicle axis at reproductive stage. Observed in all species.
| Code | Term | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Straight | |
| 2 | Droopy | |
| 999 | Mixture |
Texture of panicle axis at 7 days after anthesis. Observed in wild species.
| Code | Term | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Increasing hispid-scabrous towards tip | |
| 2 | Not increasingly hispid-scabrous towards tip | |
| 999 | Mixture |
Texture of panicle axis at post-harvest. Observed in wild species.
| Code | Term | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Increasingly hispid-scabrous towards tip | |
| 2 | Not Increasingly hispid-scabrous towards tip | |
| 999 | Mixture |
Presence of pedicel (stalk supporting a spikelet on the panicle branch) after threshing. Observed in wild species.
| Code | Term | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 0 | Absent | |
| 1 | Present | |
| 999 | Mixture |
Pedicel length (mm) at anthesis. Observed in wild species.
Pedicel length (mm) at post-harvest. Observed in wild species.
Panicle exsertion is the insertion of the panicle above the flag leaf sheath. Observed at harvest in wild species.
| Code | Term | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Well exserted | |
| 3 | Moderately well exserted | |
| 5 | Just exserted | |
| 7 | Partly exserted | |
| 9 | Enclosed | |
| 999 | Mixture |
Panicle exsertion at reproductive. Observed in all species.
| Code | Term | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Well exserted (1) | |
| 2 | Well exserted (2) | |
| 3 | Moderately well exserted (3) | |
| 4 | Moderately well exserted (4) | |
| 5 | Just exserted (5) | |
| 6 | Just exserted (6) | |
| 7 | Partly exserted (7) | |
| 8 | Partly exserted (8) | |
| 9 | Enclosed | |
| 999 | Mixture |
Measured from the base to the tip of the panicle. Transformed to coded data. Observed at post-harvest.
| Code | Term | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Very short | <11 cm |
| 2 | Short | 11-20 cm |
| 3 | Medium | 21-30 cm |
| 4 | Long | 31-40 cm |
| 5 | Extra long | >40 cm |
| 999 | Mixture |
Measured from the base to the tip of the panicle. Transformed to coded data. Observed at reproductive in wild species.
| Code | Term | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Very short | <11 cm |
| 2 | Short | 11-20 cm |
| 3 | Medium | 21-30 cm |
| 4 | Long | 31-40 cm |
| 5 | Extra long | >40 cm |
| 999 | Mixture |
Measured from the base to the tip of the panicle. Observed at post-harvest in cultivated species
Measured from the base to the tip of the panicle. Observed at reproductive in wild species.
Population composition. Observed in African cultivated species.
| Code | Term | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Homogeneous | |
| 2 | Mixed with other Glab. plants | |
| 3 | Mixed with Sativa plants | |
| 4 | Mixed with other Glab. and Sat. plants | |
| 5 | Mixed with Barthii plants | |
| 6 | Mixed with other Glab./Sat./& Barthii plants |
Panicle shattering is the extent to which grains have shattered from the panicle at maturity. Observed in all species.
| Code | Term | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Very low | >1% |
| 3 | Low | 1-5% |
| 5 | Moderate | 6-25% |
| 7 | Moderate High | 26-50% |
| 9 | High | >50% |
| 999 | Mixture |
Panicle threshability is the extent of grain removal when matured panicle is grasped by hand and a slight rolling pressure is applied between the palm and the fingers. Recorded at harvest. Observed in all species.
| Code | Term | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Difficult (1) | |
| 2 | Difficult (2) | |
| 3 | Difficult (3) | |
| 4 | Intermediate (4) | |
| 5 | Intermediate (5) | |
| 6 | Intermediate (6) | |
| 7 | Easy (7) | |
| 8 | Easy (8) | |
| 9 | Easy (9) | |
| 999 | Mixture |
Panicles are classified according to their mode of branching, angle of primary branches and spikelet density. Recorded at reproductive stage. Observed in all species.
| Code | Term | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Compact (1) | |
| 2 | Compact (2) | |
| 3 | Compact (3) | |
| 4 | Intermediate (4) | |
| 5 | Intermediate (5) | |
| 6 | Intermediate (6) | |
| 7 | Open (7) | |
| 8 | Open (8) | |
| 9 | Open (9) | |
| 999 | Mixture |
Shape of rachilla (the small axis below the lemma and palea bearing the single spikelet). Observed at post-harvest in wild species.
| Code | Term | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Cup-like | |
| 2 | Elbow-like | |
| 3 | Comma-like |
Rhizome and stolon formation. Observed at harvest in wild species.
| Code | Term | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Vegetative crown | |
| 2 | Vegetative crown and stolon | |
| 3 | Vegetative crown and weak rhizomes | |
| 4 | Vegetative crown, stolon and weak rhizomes | |
| 5 | Strong rhizomes and no tubers | |
| 6 | Strong rhizomes with tubers | |
| 999 | Mixture |
Scent. Observed in cultivated species.
| Code | Term | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 0 | Non-scented | |
| 1 | light scented | |
| 2 | scented |
Seed coat color (caryopsis - pericarp color)
| Code | Term | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 010 | White | |
| 050 | Brown | |
| 051 | Light brown | |
| 055 | Speckled brown | |
| 070 | Red | |
| 080 | Purple | |
| 088 | Variable purple | |
| 999 | Mixture |
Seedlings at 5-leaf stage is measured from the base of the shoot to the tip of the tallest leaf blade. Observed in all species.
Seedlings at 5-leaf stage is measured from the base of the shoot to the tip of the tallest leaf blade. Transformed to coded data. Observed in all species.
| Code | Term | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Short | <30 cm |
| 2 | Intermediate | 30-59 cm |
| 3 | Tall | >59 cm |
| 999 | Mixture |
Secondary branching bearing the spikelets is examined at post-harvest. - Observed in wild species.
| Code | Term | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 0 | Absent | |
| 1 | Light | |
| 2 | Heavy | |
| 3 | Clustering | |
| 999 | Mixture |
Secondary branching bearing the spikelets is examined at reproductive stage. Observed in all species.
| Code | Term | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 0 | Absent | |
| 1 | Light | |
| 2 | Heavy | |
| 3 | Clustering | |
| 999 | Mixture |
Color of sheath pulvinus (the small swelling at the base of the leaf sheath just above its point of insertion on the culm). Observed at harvest in wild species.
| Code | Term | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 011 | Whitish | |
| 050 | Brown | |
| 060 | Green | |
| 090 | Purple Spots | |
| 092 | Purple trace/layer |
Sterile lemma apex. Observed at post-harvest in wild species.
| Code | Term | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Acute | |
| 2 | Serate | |
| 3 | Acute/Serate |
Color of sterile lemma (the two flowerless bracts at the base of the spikelet). Observed at reproductive in all species.
| Code | Term | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 011 | Whitish | |
| 020 | Straw | |
| 040 | Gold | |
| 061 | Light Green | |
| 070 | Red | |
| 080 | Purple | |
| 090 | Purple spots | |
| 999 | Mixture |
Color of sterile lemma (the two flowerless bracts at the base of the spikelet). Transformed to coded data. Observed at post-harvest in all species.
| Code | Term | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 0 | Absent | |
| 1 | Short | <=1.5mm |
| 3 | Medium | 1.6 - 2.5mm |
| 5 | Long | >2.5mm but less than the lemma |
| 7 | Extra long | >=the lemma |
| 9 | Asymmetrical | |
| 999 | Mixture |
Sterile lemma length. Observed at post-harvest in wild species.
Sterile lemma shape. Observed at post-harvest in wild species.
| Code | Term | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 0 | Absent | |
| 1 | Linear | |
| 2 | Linear / Lanceolate | |
| 3 | Subulate or setaceous | |
| 4 | Very small and triangular | |
| 999 | Mixture |
Sterile lemma texture. Observed at post-harvest in wild species.
| Code | Term | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Rough | |
| 2 | Smooth |
Spikelet fertility measurement is taken from counts of well developed fertile spikelets in proportion to total number of spikelets on five panicles at harvest. Observed in all species.
| Code | Term | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Highly fertile | >90% |
| 3 | Fertile | 75-90% |
| 5 | Partly sterile | 50-74% |
| 7 | Highly sterile | <50% to trace |
| 9 | Completely sterile | 0% |
| 999 | Mixture |
Color of stigma (the pistil of a flower upon which the pollen is deposited during pollination). Observed at reproductive stage in all species.
| Code | Term | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 010 | White | |
| 030 | Yellow | |
| 050 | Brown | |
| 061 | Light green | |
| 080 | Purple | |
| 081 | Light Purple | |
| 999 | Mixture |
Tiller count is recorded as the total number of grain- bearing and non-bearing tillers per hill. Recorded at 100 days after germination. Observed in wild species.
| Code | Term | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Very Prolific | >25 Tillers Per Plant |
| 3 | Good | 21-25 Tillers Per Plant |
| 5 | Medium | 10-20 Tillers Per Plant |
| 7 | Poor | 5-9 Tillers Per Plant |
| 9 | Very Poor | <5 Tillers Per Plant |
| 999 | Mixture |
Tiller count is recorded as the total number of grain- bearing and non-bearing tillers per hill. Recorded at 75 days after germination. Observed in wild species.
| Code | Term | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Very Prolific | >25 Tillers Per Plant |
| 3 | Good | 21-25 Tillers Per Plant |
| 5 | Medium | 10-20 Tillers Per Plant |
| 7 | Poor | 5-9 Tillers Per Plant |
| 9 | Very Poor | <5 Tillers Per Plant |
| 999 | Mixture |
Tillering from higher nodes. Observed at post-harvest in wild species.
| Code | Term | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Absent | |
| 2 | Few | |
| 3 | Many |
Classification of accessions into variety groups is based mainly on the morphologic features of the adult plant, and to a certain extent, on grain appearance. Recorded at reproductive stage. Observed in Asian cultivated species.
| Code | Term | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Indica | |
| 2 | Japonica | |
| 3 | Javanica | |
| 4 | Intermediate (hybrids) |
identifier to distinguish heterogeneous population within an accession based on morpho agronomic traits