Descriptors for Barley as used by Genesys 1 trait database.
https://www.genesys-pgr.org/c/barley/descriptors, 2018.
Color of the aleurone or pericarp.
| Code | Term | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | BLACK | |
| 1A | BLACK AND WHITE | |
| 1B | BLACK AND BROWN | |
| 2 | BLUE | |
| 3 | BROWN | |
| 3A | BROWN AND WHITE | |
| 4 | GREY | |
| 5 | PURPLE | |
| 6 | RED | |
| 7 | TAN | |
| 8 | WHITE/AMBER | |
| 9 | YELLOW | |
| MIX | ROW MIXED FOR COLOR | |
| G | GREEN |
Proportion of awns falling off prior to harvest. Taken at maturity.
| Code | Term | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | AWNS RETAINED | |
| 2 | 2 (1 = AWNS RETAINED 9 = NO AWNS RETAINED) | |
| 3 | 3 (1 = AWNS RETAINED 9 = NO AWNS RETAINED) | |
| 4 | 4 (1 = AWNS RETAINED 9 = NO AWNS RETAINED) | |
| 5 | APPROX. 1/2 OF AWNS RETAINED. | |
| 6 | 6 (1 = AWNS RETAINED 9 = NO AWNS RETAINED) | |
| 7 | 7 (1 = AWNS RETAINED 9 = NO AWNS RETAINED) | |
| 8 | 8 (1 = AWNS RETAINED 9 = NO AWNS RETAINED) | |
| 9 | NO AWNS RETAINED | |
| MIX | ROW MIXED FOR AWN ECIDUOUSNESS |
Surface roughness characteristic of the awn.
| Code | Term | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | SMOOTH (FEW BARBS AT TIP) | |
| 5 | SEMI-SMOOTH | |
| 9 | ROUGH (BARBS OVER ENTIRE LENGTH OF AWN) | |
| MIX | ROW MIXED FOR AWN ROUGHNESS |
Presence or absence of awns or hoods on the spike.
| Code | Term | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | AWNED | |
| 2 | AWNED ON PRIMARY ROWS - AWNLETTED ON LATERAL ROWS | |
| 3 | AWNED ON PRIMARY ROWS - AWNLESS ON LATERAL ROWS | |
| 4 | AWNLETED | |
| 5 | HOODED - SESSILE | |
| 6 | HOODED ON PRIMARY ROWS, AWNLETTED ON LATERAL ROWS | |
| 7 | HOODED - ELEVATED | |
| 9 | AWNLESS | |
| 10 | AWNED CENTRAL ROWS (FOR 6 ROW) | |
| MIX | ROW MIXED FOR AWNS |
Adherence of the lemma and palea to the caryopsis.
| Code | Term | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | COVERED | |
| 9 | HULLESS |
Average number of kernels per spike, based on five typical spikes.
Color of the lemma or hull cover.
| Code | Term | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | BLACK | |
| 1A | BLACK AND WHITE | |
| 1B | BLACK AND BROWN | |
| 2 | BLUE | |
| 3 | BROWN | |
| 3A | BROWN AND WHITE | |
| 4 | GREY | |
| 5 | PURPLE | |
| 6 | RED | |
| 7 | TAN | |
| 8 | WHITE/AMBER | |
| 9 | YELLOW | |
| MIX | ROW MIXED FOR COLOR |
Estimated amount of plant lodging near maturity.
Legend:
NO LODGING
100% LODGED (FLAT)
Estimated amount of neck breakage at maturity.
Legend:
NO BREAKAGE
ALL PLANTS
Length of rachilla hairs.
| Code | Term | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | SHORT | |
| 5 | 5 (1 = SHORT 9 = LONG) | |
| 9 | LONG | |
| MIX | MIXED - BOTH LONG AND SHORT |
Estimated amount of shattering at maturity.
Legend:
NO SHATTERING
SEVERE - 50% OF SEED DROPPED
Spike angle at maturity.
| Code | Term | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | ERECT | |
| 5 | INCLINED | |
| 9 | NODDING | |
| MIX | ROW MIXED FOR SPIKE ANGLE |
Visual measure of spike density.
| Code | Term | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | LAX (RACHIS INTERNODE LENGTH = OR > 4 MM.) | |
| 5 | INTERMEDIATE | |
| 9 | DENSE (RACHIS INTERNODE LENGTH < OR = 2 MM.) | |
| 10 | HETEROGENEOUS |
Spike row number characteristic.
| Code | Term | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 2 | TWO ROWED | |
| 3 | TWO ROWED - DEFICIENS | |
| 5 | IRREGULARE 2 AND 6 CHARACTERS ON THE SAME SPIKE. | |
| 6 | SIX ROWED | |
| 7 | IRREGULAR LATERAL FLORETS | |
| MIX | ROW MIXED FOR SPIKE ROW NUMBER |
Tendency of the kernels to sprout in the spike before harvest as a result of a late rainfall.
Legend:
NO SPROUTING
ALL KERNELS SPROUTED
Estimated amount of straw breakage at maturity.
Legend:
NO BREAKAGE
ALL PLANTS
Beta Glucan content of the kernel, expressed as percent dry weight basis.
Lipid content of the kernel, expressed as percent dry weight basis.
Lysine content of the kernel, expressed as percent per unit of protein (absolute).
Protein content of the kernel, expressed as percent dry weight basis.
Reaction to Aster Yellows.
Legend:
RESISTANT
SUSCEPTIBLE
Kernels free of Barley Stripe Mosaic Virus, based on visual and ELISA evaluations.
| Code | Term | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Y | YES-ABSENCE OF BSMV |
Reaction to Bacterial Kernel Blight (incited by Pseudomonas syringae).
Legend:
RESISTANT
SUSCEPTIBLE
Reaction to Bacterial Leaf Blight (incited by Pseudomonas syringae).
Legend:
RESISTANT
SUSCEPTIBLE
Reaction to Bacterial Leaf Streak (incited by Xanthomonas translucens).
Legend:
RESISTANT
SUSCEPTIBLE
Reaction to Barley Stripe (incited by Pyrenophora graminae). scale 1-9
Legend:
RESISTANT
SUSCEPTIBLE
Reaction to Barley Stripe (incited by Pyrenophora graminae). coded
| Code | Term | Description |
|---|---|---|
| R | Resistant | |
| MR | Moderately resistant | |
| M | Medium response | |
| MS | Moderately susceptable | |
| S | Susceptable | |
| T | Tolerance | |
| H | Heterogeneous |
Reaction to Barley Stripe Mosaic Virus.
Legend:
RESISTANT
SUSCEPTIBLE
Reaction to Barley Yellow Dwarf Virus.
Legend:
RESISTANT
SUSCEPTIBLE
Reaction to Black Semi-Loose Smut (incited by Ustilago nigra).
Legend:
RESISTANT
SUSCEPTIBLE
Reaction to Covered Smut (incited by Ustilago hordei).
Legend:
RESISTANT
SUSCEPTIBLE
Reaction to Ergot (incited by Claviceps purpurea).
Legend:
RESISTANT
SUSCEPTIBLE
Reaction to Fusarium Head Blight (Scab).
Legend:
RESISTANT
SUSCEPTIBLE
Reaction to Leaf Rust (incited by Puccinia hordei).
| Code | Term | Description |
|---|---|---|
| R | Resistant | |
| MR | Moderately resistant | |
| M | Medium response | |
| MS | Moderately susceptable | |
| S | Susceptable | |
| T | Tolerance | |
| H | Heterogeneous |
Reaction to Leaf Rust (incited by Puccinia hordei) in the seedling stage.
| Code | Term | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 0 | IMMUNE - NO UREDIA OR OTHER INDICATIONS OF INFECTION. | |
| 0+ | NEARLY IMMUNE - NO UREDIA BUT A FEW HYPERSENSITIVE FLECKS PRESENT. | |
| 1 | VERY RESISTANT - UREDIA MINUTE - SURROUNDED BY DISTINCT NECROTIC AREAS. | |
| 2 | MODERATELY RESISTANT - UREDIA SMALL TO MEDIUM - USUALLY GREEN ISLANDS SURROUNDED BY A CHLOROTIC/NECROTIC BORDER. | |
| 3 | MODERATELY SUSCEPTIBLE - UREDIA MEDIUM - COALESCENCE INFREQUENT - NO NECROSIS BUT CHLOROTIC SPOTS MAY BE PRESENT. | |
| 4 | VERY SUSCEPTIBLE - UREDIA LARGE AND OFTEN COALESCING - NO NECROSIS BUT CHLOROSIS MAY BE PRESENT. |
Reaction to Leaf Scald (incited by Rhynchosporium secalis). scale 1-9
Legend:
RESISTANT
SUSCEPTIBLE
Reaction to Leaf Scald (incited by Rhynchosporium secalis). coded values
| Code | Term | Description |
|---|---|---|
| R | Resistant | |
| MR | Moderately resistant | |
| M | Medium response | |
| MS | Moderately susceptable | |
| S | Susceptable | |
| T | Tolerance | |
| H | Heterogeneous |
Reaction to Loose Smut (incited by Ustilago nuda).
Legend:
RESISTANT
SUSCEPTIBLE
Reaction to Net Blotch (incited by Pyrenophora teres) scale 1-9.
Legend:
RESISTANT
SUSCEPTIBLE
Reaction to Net Blotch (incited by Pyrenophora teres) coded values.
| Code | Term | Description |
|---|---|---|
| R | Resistant | |
| MR | Moderately resistant | |
| M | Medium response | |
| MS | Moderately susceptable | |
| S | Susceptable | |
| T | Tolerance | |
| H | Heterogeneous |
Reaction to Powdery Mildew (incited by Erysiphe graminis f.sp. hordei). scale 1-9
Legend:
RESISTANT
SUSCEPTIBLE
Reaction to Powdery Mildew (incited by Erysiphe graminis f.sp. hordei). coded values
| Code | Term | Description |
|---|---|---|
| R | Resistant | |
| MR | Moderately resistant | |
| M | Medium response | |
| MS | Moderately susceptable | |
| S | Susceptable | |
| T | Tolerance | |
| H | Heterogeneous |
Reaction to Root Rot pathogens (Fusarium and Helminthosporium spp.).
Legend:
RESISTANT
SUSCEPTIBLE
Reaction to Septoria Leaf Blotch (incited by Septoria avenae and S. passerinii).
Legend:
RESISTANT
SUSCEPTIBLE
Reaction to Spot Blotch (incited by Cochliobolus sativus).
Legend:
RESISTANT
SUSCEPTIBLE
Reaction to Stem Rust (incited by Puccinia graminis f.sp. tritici). scale 1-9
Legend:
RESISTANT
SUSCEPTIBLE
Reaction to Stem Rust (incited by Puccinia graminis f.sp. tritici). coded values
| Code | Term | Description |
|---|---|---|
| R | Resistant | |
| MR | Moderately resistant | |
| M | Medium response | |
| MS | Moderately susceptable | |
| S | Susceptable | |
| T | Tolerance | |
| H | Heterogeneous |
Reaction to Stripe Rust (incited by Puccinia striiformis).
| Code | Term | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 0 | No infection | |
| MIX | ROW MIXED FOR REACTION | |
| MR | MODERATELY RESISTANT | |
| MS | MODERATELY SUSCEPTIBLE | |
| R | RESISTANT | |
| S | SUSCEPTIBLE | |
| M | Medium response |
Severity of Stripe Rust (incited by Puccinia striiformis).
Reaction to Take-All (incited by Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici).
Legend:
RESISTANT
SUSCEPTIBLE
Reaction to Cereal Leaf Beetle (Oulema melanopus), based on larval feeding damage.
| Code | Term | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 0 | No larval feeding | |
| 1 | 1 - 15% foliage eaten | |
| 2 | 15 - 40% foliage eaten | |
| 3 | Over 40% foliage eaten |
Reaction to Greenbug (Schizaphis graminum).
Legend:
TOLERANT (SEEDLINGS REMAIN ALIVE)
SUSCEPTIBLE (SEEDLINGS DIE)
Reaction to Hessian fly (Mayetiola destructor).
| Code | Term | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | RESISTANT (0-5% S) | |
| 2 | (1 = RESISTANT - 9 = SUSCEPTIBLE 6-10% S) | |
| 3 | (1 = RESISTANT - 9 = SUSCEPTIBLE 11-15% S) | |
| 4 | (1 = RESISTANT - 9 = SUSCEPTIBLE 16-30% S) | |
| 5 | (1 = RESISTANT - 9 = SUSCEPTIBLE 31-45% S) | |
| 6 | (1 = RESISTANT - 9 = SUSCEPTIBLE 46-60% S) | |
| 7 | (1 = RESISTANT - 9 = SUSCEPTIBLE 61-70% S) | |
| 8 | (1 = RESISTANT - 9 = SUSCEPTIBLE 71-80% S) | |
| 9 | SUSCEPTIBLE (81-100% S) |
Reaction to the Russian Wheat Aphid (Diuraphis noxia). Amount of chlorosis.
| Code | Term | Description |
|---|---|---|
| F | LEAVES ARE FLAT - NO APPARENT ROLLING | |
| R | LEAVES ROLLED - LOOSELY TO TIGHTLY |
Reaction to the Russian Wheat Aphid (Diuraphis noxia). Leafrolling symptoms.
| Code | Term | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | PLANTS APPEAR HEALTHY, MAY HAVE SMALL ISOLATED CHLOROTIC SPOTS | |
| 2 | 5% LEAF CHLOROTIC - CHLOROTIC SPOTS BECOME MORE NOTICEABLE | |
| 3 | 15% LEAF CHLOROTIC - CHLOROTIC SPOTS ARE LARGER AND MORE NUMEROUS. | |
| 4 | 25% LEAF CHLOROTIC - SOME STREAKING MAY BECOME APPARENT, ESPECIALLY ALONG TH EMIDRIB. | |
| 5 | 40% LEAF CHLOROTIC - CHLOROTIC SPOTS BEGIN TO COALESCE OR DEFINITE STREAKING OCCURS. | |
| 6 | 55% LEAF CHLOROTIC - LARGER CHLOROTIC SPOTS COALESCE. LEAVES START TO 'DIE-BACK' FROM TIPS. | |
| 7 | 70% LEAF CHLOROTIC - FURTHER SYMPTOMS DEVELOP. | |
| 8 | 85% LEAF CHLOROTIC - EXTENSIVE CHLOROSIS AND NECROSIS. | |
| 9 | PLANT DEATH OR NO RECOVERY POSSIBLE | |
| MIX | MIXED FOR RESISTANCE TO RUSSIAN WHEAT APHID |
Tolerance to aluminum in the soil.
Legend:
TOLERANT
SUSCEPTIBLE
Tolerance to drought conditions.
| Code | Term | Description |
|---|---|---|
| R | Resistant | |
| MR | Moderately resistant | |
| M | Medium response | |
| MS | Moderately susceptable | |
| S | Susceptable | |
| T | Tolerance | |
| H | Heterogeneous |
Tolerance to soil salinity.
Legend:
RESISTANT
SUSCEPTIBLE
Estimated percent winter kill.
Growth class based on a spring planting.
| Code | Term | Description |
|---|---|---|
| F | FACULTATIVE (Intermediate) | |
| F-S | FACULTATIVE TYPE MIXED WITH SOME SPRING TYPES | |
| F-W | FACULTATIVE TYPE MIXED WITH SOME WINTER TYPES | |
| S | SPRING | |
| S-F | SPRING TYPE MIXED WITH SOME FACULTATIVE TYPES | |
| S-W | SPRING TYPE MIXED WITH SOME WINTER TYPES | |
| W | WINTER | |
| W-F | WINTER TYPE MIXED WITH SOME FACULTATIVE TYPES | |
| W-S | WINTER TYPE MIXED WITH SOME SPRING TYPES |
Average height of plants at maturity, measured in centimeters from the ground to top of the spike, excluding awns.
Days from January 1 (Julian) when 50% of the spikes are fully exserted from the boot.
Laboratory determination of chromosome number.
Reaction to nematodes.
Legend:
RESISTANT
SUSCEPTIBLE
Thousand kernel weight, based on a count of 250 or more.
Weight of harvested grain in grams per unreplicated row 2.44 meters (8 feet) in length.
Grain yield is the product of accumulating dry matter (i.e., biomass) and allocating a portion of the total aboveground biomass to the grain.
Percent of kernels remaining over specified discriminating sieves.
Test weight of grain in pounds per bushel.
Spike brittleness
Legend:
tough
brittle
very brittle
Flag leaf width in millimeter
The color of Awn
| Code | Term | Description |
|---|---|---|
| W | White | |
| Y | Yellow | |
| BR | Brown | |
| R | Reddish | |
| B | Black | |
| M | MIX |
Awn Length in centimeter
Days to heading from swing date
Days to maturity from swing date
The color of the Glume
| Code | Term | Description |
|---|---|---|
| W | White | |
| Y | Yellow | |
| BR | Brown | |
| B | Black | |
| M | MIX |
Grain filling period from swing date
Growth Habit
| Code | Term | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Erect | |
| 2 | Intermediate | |
| 3 | Prostrate |
Grain Color
| Code | Term | Description |
|---|---|---|
| W | White | |
| BL | Blue | |
| B | Black | |
| BR | Brown | |
| P | Purpel | |
| M | Mix |
Leaf color
| Code | Term | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Light green | |
| 2 | Green | |
| 3 | Dark green |
Number of spikelets groups per spike
Spike Length
Tolerance to cold
| Code | Term | Description |
|---|---|---|
| R | Resistant | |
| MR | Moderately resistant | |
| M | Medium response | |
| MS | Moderately susceptable | |
| S | Susceptable | |
| T | Tolerance | |
| H | Heterogenity |
number of spikelets per spike
Recorded at maturity
| Code | Term | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Bl | Black | |
| Wh | White |
Straw color at maturity
| Code | Term | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Y | Yellow | |
| G | Golden | |
| W | White | |
| B | Black |