Descriptors for Wheat as used by Genesys 1 trait database.
https://www.genesys-pgr.org/c/wheat/descriptors, 2018.
Color of the awns.
| Code | Term | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | BLACK | |
| 1A | BLACK AND WHITE | |
| 1B | BLACK AND BROWN | |
| 2 | BLUE | |
| 3 | BROWN | |
| 3A | BROWN AND WHITE | |
| 4 | GREY | |
| 5 | PURPLE | |
| 6 | RED | |
| 7 | TAN | |
| 8 | WHITE/AMBER | |
| 9 | YELLOW | |
| MIX | ROW MIXED FOR COLOR |
Type and extent of the awns.
| Code | Term | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | AWNED | |
| 2 | (1 = AWNLED - 9 = AWNLESS) | |
| 3 | AWNLETTED | |
| 4 | (1 = AWNLED - 9 = AWNLESS) | |
| 5 | INTERMEDIATE / APICALLY AWNLETTED | |
| 6 | (1 = AWNLED - 9 = AWNLESS) | |
| 7 | (1 = AWNLED - 9 = AWNLESS) | |
| 8 | (1 = AWNLED - 9 = AWNLESS) | |
| 9 | AWNLESS | |
| MIX | ROW MIXED FOR AWNS |
Color of the glumes.
| Code | Term | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | BLACK | |
| 1A | BLACK AND WHITE | |
| 1B | BLACK AND BROWN | |
| 2 | BLUE | |
| 3 | BROWN | |
| 3A | BROWN AND WHITE | |
| 4 | GREY | |
| 5 | PURPLE | |
| 6 | RED | |
| 7 | TAN | |
| 8 | WHITE/AMBER | |
| 9 | YELLOW | |
| 10 | RED TO BROWN | |
| 11 | PURPLE TO BLACK | |
| MIX | ROW MIXED FOR COLOR |
Type and extent of glume pubescence.
| Code | Term | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | ABSENT | |
| 2 | (1 = ABSENT - 9 = LONG) | |
| 3 | EDGE ONLY | |
| 4 | (1 = ABSENT - 9 = LONG) | |
| 5 | SHORT (FINE) | |
| 6 | (1 = ABSENT - 9 = LONG) | |
| 7 | (1 = ABSENT - 9 = LONG) | |
| 8 | (1 = ABSENT - 9 = LONG) | |
| 9 | LONG - READILY VISIBLE | |
| MIX | ROW MIXED FOR GLUME PUBESCENCE |
Color of the kernels.
| Code | Term | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | BLACK | |
| 1A | BLACK AND WHITE | |
| 1B | BLACK AND BROWN | |
| 2 | BLUE | |
| 3 | BROWN | |
| 3A | BROWN AND WHITE | |
| 4 | GREY | |
| 5 | PURPLE | |
| 6 | RED | |
| 7 | TAN | |
| 8 | WHITE/AMBER | |
| 9 | YELLOW | |
| 10 | STRAW | |
| 11 | PURPLE OR RED |
Relative hardness of the kernel.
Legend:
SOFT
INTERMEDIATE
HARD
Average number of kernels per spike, based on five typical spikes.
Type and extent of leaf pubescence.
| Code | Term | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | ABSENT | |
| 2 | 2 (1 = ABSENT - 9 = PRESENT, VERY HEAVY) | |
| 3 | 3 (1 = ABSENT - 9 = PRESENT, VERY HEAVY) | |
| 4 | 4 (1 = ABSENT - 9 = PRESENT, VERY HEAVY) | |
| 5 | 5 (1 = ABSENT - 9 = PRESENT, VERY HEAVY) | |
| 6 | 6 (1 = ABSENT - 9 = PRESENT, VERY HEAVY) | |
| 7 | 7 (1 = ABSENT - 9 = PRESENT, VERY HEAVY) | |
| 8 | 8 (1 = ABSENT, 9 = PRESENT, VERY HEAVY) | |
| 9 | PRESENT - VERY HEAVY | |
| MIX | ROW MIXED FOR LEAF PUBESCENCE |
Length in mm between rachis internodes taken among 10 internodes in the center 1/3 of spike. Average of 5 spikes.
Estimated amount of shattering at maturity.
| Code | Term | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | NO SHATTERING | |
| 2 | 2 (1 = NO SHATTERING, 9 = SEVERE) | |
| 3 | 3 (1 = NO SHATTERING, 9 = SEVERE) | |
| 4 | 4 (1 = NO SHATTERING, 9 = SEVERE) | |
| 5 | 5 (1 = NO SHATTERING, 9 = SEVERE) | |
| 6 | 6 (1 = NO SHATTERING, 9 = SEVERE) | |
| 7 | 7 (1 = NO SHATTERING, 9 = SEVERE) | |
| 8 | 8 (1 = NO SHATTERING, 9 = SEVERE) | |
| 9 | SEVERE - 50% OF SEED DROPPED | |
| MIX | ROW MIXED FOR SHATTERING |
Visual measure of spike density.
| Code | Term | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 0 | VERY LAX | |
| 1 | LAX | |
| 2 | 2 (1 = LAX - 9 = VERY DENSE) | |
| 3 | 3 (1 = LAX - 9 = VERY DENSE) | |
| 4 | 4 (1 = LAX - 9 = VERY DENSE) | |
| 5 | 5 (1 = LAX - 9 = VERY DENSE) | |
| 6 | 6 (1 = LAX - 9 = VERY DENSE) | |
| 7 | 7 (1 = LAX - 9 = VERY DENSE) | |
| 8 | 8 (1 = LAX - 9 = VERY DENSE) | |
| 9 | VERY DENSE | |
| MIX | ROW MIXED FOR SPIKE DENSITY |
Shape characteristic of typical mature spikes.
| Code | Term | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | FUSIFORM | |
| 2 | BRANCHED | |
| 3 | OBLONG | |
| 5 | CLAVATE | |
| 9 | ELLIPTICAL | |
| MIX | ROW MIXED FOR SPIKE TYPES |
Number of spikelets per spike, based on the average of 5 typical spikes.
Estimated amount of straw breakage at maturity.
| Code | Term | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | NO BREAKAGE | |
| 2 | 2 (1 = NO BREAKAGE 9 = ALL PLANTS) | |
| 3 | 3 (1 = NO BREAKAGE 9 = ALL PLANTS) | |
| 4 | 4 (1 = NO BREAKAGE 9 = ALL PLANTS) | |
| 5 | 5 (1 = NO BREAKAGE 9 = ALL PLANTS) | |
| 6 | 6 (1 = NO BREAKAGE 9 = ALL PLANTS) | |
| 7 | 7 (1 = NO BREAKAGE 9 = ALL PLANTS) | |
| 8 | 8 (1 = NO BREAKAGE 9 = ALL PLANTS) | |
| 9 | ALL PLANTS | |
| MIX | ROW MIXED FOR STRAW BREAKAGE |
Color of straw at maturity.
| Code | Term | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | BLACK | |
| 1A | BLACK AND WHITE | |
| 1B | BLACK AND BROWN | |
| 2 | BLUE | |
| 3 | BROWN | |
| 3A | BROWN AND WHITE | |
| 4 | GREY | |
| 5 | PURPLE | |
| 6 | RED | |
| 7 | TAN | |
| 8 | WHITE/AMBER | |
| 9 | YELLOW | |
| MIX | ROW MIXED FOR COLOR |
Estimated amount of plant lodging near maturity.
Legend:
NO LODGING
2 (1 = NO LODGING 9 = ALL PLANTS FLAT)
3 (1 = NO LODGING 9 = ALL PLANTS FLAT)
4 (1 = NO LODGING 9 = ALL PLANTS FLAT)
5 (1 = NO LODGING 9 = ALL PLANTS FLAT)
6 (1 = NO LODGING 9 = ALL PLANTS FLAT)
7 (1 = NO LODGING 9 = ALL PLANTS FLAT)
8 (1 = NO LODGING 9 = ALL PLANTS FLAT)
ALL PLANTS FLAT
Lysine in the grain, expressed as percent of protein.
Protein content of the kernel, expressed as percent dry weight basis.
Reaction to Bacterial Leaf Blight (incited by Pseudomonas syringae).
Legend:
RESISTANT
SUSCEPTIBLE
Reaction to Barley Yellow Dwarf Virus.
Legend:
RESISTANT
SUSCEPTIBLE
Reaction to Cephalosporium Stripe (incited by Cephalosporium gramineum).
Legend:
RESISTANT
SUSCEPTIBLE
Reaction to Common Bunt (incited by Tilletia tritici and T. laevis), expressed as a percent of the susceptible check.
Reaction to Common Bunt (incited by Tilletia tritici and T. laevis) - coded
| Code | Term | Description |
|---|---|---|
| R | Resistant | |
| MR | Moderately resistant | |
| M | Medium response | |
| MS | Moderately susceptable | |
| S | Susceptable | |
| T | Tolerance | |
| H | Heterogenity |
Reaction to Dwarf Bunt, TCK (incited by Tilletia controversa), expressed as a percent of the susceptible check.
Reaction to Flag Smut (incited by Urocystis agropyri).
Legend:
RESISTANT
SUSCEPTIBLE
Reaction to Fusarium Head Blight (Scab). Disease index (expressed as a percent) =incidence x severity/100. Incidence=% infected
Reaction to Leaf Rust (incited by Puccinia triticina). scale 0-9
Legend:
RESISTANT
1 (O = RESISTANT 9 = SUSCEPTIBLE)
2 (O = RESISTANT 9 = SUSCEPTIBLE)
3 (O = RESISTANT 9 = SUSCEPTIBLE)
4 (O = RESISTANT 9 = SUSCEPTIBLE)
5 (O = RESISTANT 9 = SUSCEPTIBLE)
6 (O = RESISTANT 9 = SUSCEPTIBLE)
7 (O = RESISTANT 9 = SUSCEPTIBLE)
8 (O = RESISTANT 9 = SUSCEPTIBLE)
SUSCEPTIBLE
Reaction to Leaf Rust (incited by Puccinia triticina) in the adult plant stage, measured on the flag leaf.
Legend:
NO UREDIA
1 SEVERITY = TRACE (T) INFECTION TYPE = R/MR
2 SEVERITY = T INFECTION TYPE = MS/S
3 SEVERITY => T/<10% INFECTION TYPE = R/MR
4 SEVERITY => 10% INFECTION TYPE = R/MR
5 SEVERITY => T/<10% INFECTION TYPE = MS
6 SEVERITY => 10% INFECTION TYPE = MS
7 SEVERITY => T/<10% INFECTION TYPE = S
8 SEVERITY => 10% INFECTION TYPE = S
FLAF LEAF KILLED
Reaction to Leaf Rust (incited by Puccinia triticina). coded
| Code | Term | Description |
|---|---|---|
| R | Resistant | |
| MR | Moderately resistant | |
| M | Medium response | |
| MS | Moderately susceptable | |
| S | Susceptable | |
| T | Tolerance | |
| H | Heterogenity |
Reaction to Loose Smut (incited by Ustilago nuda).
Legend:
RESISTANT
SUSCEPTIBLE
Reaction to Powdery Mildew (incited by Erysiphe graminis f.sp. Tritici). Rated at Feekes growth stage GS 10.3.
| Code | Term | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 0 | 0 to < 1% leaf area affected on any leaf | |
| 1 | 1-50% leaf area affected on fourth leaf | |
| 10 | > 15% leaf area affected on flag leaf | |
| 2 | 1-5% leaf area affected on third leaf | |
| 3 | 5-15% leaf area affected on third leaf | |
| 4 | > 15% leaf area affected on third leaf | |
| 5 | 1-5% leaf area affected on second leaf | |
| 6 | 5-15% leaf area affected on second leaf | |
| 7 | > 15% leaf area affected on second leaf | |
| 8 | 1-5% leaf area affected on flag leaf | |
| 9 | 5-15% leaf area affected on flag leaf |
Reaction to Septoria tritici (Mycosphaerella graminicola). score 1-9
Legend:
RESISTANT
SUSCEPTIBLE
Reaction to Septoria tritici (Mycosphaerella graminicola). coded
| Code | Term | Description |
|---|---|---|
| R | Resistant | |
| MR | Moderately resistant | |
| M | Medium response | |
| MS | Moderately susceptable | |
| S | Susceptable | |
| T | Tolerance | |
| H | Heterogenity |
Reaction to Snow Mold (incited by Fusarium nivale, Typhula spp., or Sclerotinia borealis).
Legend:
RESISTANT
SUSCEPTIBLE
Reaction to Soil-Borne Mosaic Virus (vectored by Polymyxa graminis).
Legend:
RESISTANT
SUSCEPTIBLE
Reaction to Stagonospora nodorum (Phaeosphaeria nodorum).
Legend:
RESISTANT
SUSCEPTIBLE
Reaction to Stem Rust (incited by Puccinia graminis f.sp. tritici) in the adult growth stage in the field. scale 0-9
Legend:
RESISTANT
SUSCEPTIBLE
Reaction to Stem Rust (incited by Puccinia graminis f.sp. tritici) coded
| Code | Term | Description |
|---|---|---|
| R | Resistant | |
| MR | Moderately resistant | |
| M | Medium response | |
| MS | Moderately susceptable | |
| S | Susceptable | |
| T | Tolerance | |
| H | Heterogenity |
Postulated gene(s) for resistance to Puccinia graminis f.sp. tritici, based on seedling reactions to several isolates.
Seedling infection types produced by Puccinia graminis f.sp. tritici.
| Code | Term | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 0 | IMMUNE - NO UREDIA OR OTHER INDICATIONS OF INFECTION | |
| 0+ | NEARLY IMMUNE - NO UREDIA BUT A FEW HYPERSENSITIVE FLECKS PRESENT | |
| 1 | VERY RESISTANT - UREDIA MINUTE - SURROUNDED BY DISTINCT NECROTIC AREAS | |
| 2 | MODERATELY RESISTANT - UREDIA SMALL TO MEDIUM - USUALLY GREEN ISLANDS SURROUNDED BY A DECIDEDLY CHLOROTIC/NECROTIC BORDER | |
| 3 | MODERATELY SUSCEPTIBLE - UREDIA MEDIUM SIZE COALESCENCE INFREQUENT - NO NECROSIS - BUT CHLOROTIC AREAS MAYBE PRESENT | |
| + | MOSTLY IMMUNE, NO UREDIA - BUT NUMEROUS HYPERSENSITIVE FLECKS PRESENT | |
| S | VERY SUSCEPTIBLE - UREDIA LARGE AND OFTEN COALESCING - NO NECROSIS BUT CHLOROSIS MAY BE PRESENT | |
| X | HETEROGENEOUS - UREDIA VARIABLE - SOMETIMES INCLUDING ALL INFECTION TYPES AND INTERGRADATIONS ON THE SAME LEAF |
Reaction to Stripe Rust (incited by Puccinia striiformis) in the adult plant stage in the field. coded
Legend:
RESISTANT - NO SYMPTOMS
RESISTANT
INTERMEDIATE
SUSCEPTIBLE
Reaction to Stripe Rust (incited by Puccinia striiformis). coded diff.
| Code | Term | Description |
|---|---|---|
| R | Resistant | |
| MR | Moderately resistant | |
| M | Medium response | |
| MS | Moderately susceptable | |
| S | Susceptable | |
| T | Tolerance | |
| H | Heterogenity |
Percent severity or intensity of Stripe Rust (incited by Puccinia striiformis) in the adult plant stage in the field. See also r
Reaction to Stripe Rust (incited by Puccinia striiformis) in the seedling plant stage.
Legend:
RESISTANT - NO SYMPTOMS
RESISTANT
INTERMEDIATE
SUSCEPTIBLE
Reaction to Take-All (incited by Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici).
Legend:
RESISTANT
SUSCEPTIBLE
Reaction to Tan Spot (incited by Pyrenophora trichostoma).
Legend:
RESISTANT
SUSCEPTIBLE
Reaction to Wheat Streak Mosaic Virus.
Legend:
RESISTANT
SUSCEPTIBLE
Reaction to aphids.
Legend:
RESISTANT
SUSCEPTIBLE
Reaction to Cereal Leaf Beetle (Oulema melanopus), based on larval feeding damage.
| Code | Term | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 0 | No larval feeding | |
| 1 | 1 - 15% foliage eaten | |
| 2 | 15 - 40% foliage eaten | |
| 3 | Over 40% foliage eaten |
Reaction to Greenbug (Schizaphis graminum), expressed as a percent of the resistant check, Andrew.
Reaction to Hessian fly (Mayetiola destructor).
Legend:
RESISTANT (0-5% S)
(1 = RESISTANT - 9 = SUSCEPTIBLE 6-10% S)
(1 = RESISTANT - 9 = SUSCEPTIBLE 11-15% S)
(1 = RESISTANT - 9 = SUSCEPTIBLE 16-30% S)
(1 = RESISTANT - 9 = SUSCEPTIBLE 31-45% S)
(1 = RESISTANT - 9 = SUSCEPTIBLE 46-60% S)
(1 = RESISTANT - 9 = SUSCEPTIBLE 61-70% S)
(1 = RESISTANT - 9 = SUSCEPTIBLE 71-80% S)
SUSCEPTIBLE (81-100% S)
Reaction to the Russian Wheat Aphid (Diuraphis noxia). Amount of chlorosis.
| Code | Term | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | PLANTS APPEAR HEALTHY - MAY HAVE SMALL ISOLATED CHLOROTIC SPOTS | |
| 2 | 5% LEAF CHLOROTIC - CHLOROTIC SPOTS BECOME MORE NOTICEABLE | |
| 3 | 15% LEAF CHLOROTIC - CHLOROTIC SPOTS ARE LARGER AND MORE NUMEROUS. | |
| 4 | 25% LEAF CHLOROTIC - SOME STREAKING MAY BECOME APPARENT - ESPECIALLY ALONG TH EMIDRIB. | |
| 5 | 40% LEAF CHLOROTIC - CHLOROTIC SPOTS BEGIN TO COALESCE OR DEFINITE STREAKING OCCURS. | |
| 6 | 55% LEAF CHLOROTIC - LARGER CHLOROTIC SPOTS COALESCE. LEAVES START TO (DIE-BACK) FROM TIPS. | |
| 7 | 70% LEAF CHLOROTIC - FURTHER SYMPTOMS DEVELOP. | |
| 8 | 85% LEAF CHLOROTIC - EXTENSIVE CHLOROSIS AND NECROSIS. | |
| 9 | PLANT DEATH OR NO RECOVERY POSSIBLE | |
| MIX | MIXED FOR RESISTANCE TO RUSSIAN WHEAT APHID |
Reaction to the Russian Wheat Aphid (Diuraphis noxia). Leafrolling symptoms.
| Code | Term | Description |
|---|---|---|
| F | LEAVES ARE FLAT - NO APPARENT ROLLING | |
| R | LEAVES ROLLED - LOOSELY TO TIGHTLY |
Tolerance to drought conditions. scale 1-9
Legend:
TOLERANT
SUSCEPTIBLE
Tolerance to drought conditions. coded
| Code | Term | Description |
|---|---|---|
| R | Resistant | |
| MR | Moderately resistant | |
| M | Medium response | |
| MS | Moderately susceptable | |
| S | Susceptable | |
| T | Tolerance | |
| H | Heterogenity |
Tolerance to soil salinity.
Legend:
TOLERANT
SUSCEPTIBLE
Percent of plants surviving the winter, based on fall stand relative to check cultivar.
Growth Class
| Code | Term | Description |
|---|---|---|
| F | FACULTATIVE (Intermediate) | |
| F-S | FACULTATIVE TYPE MIXED WITH SOME SPRING TYPES | |
| F-W | FACULTATIVE TYPE MIXED WITH SOME WINTER TYPES | |
| S | SPRING | |
| S-F | SPRING TYPE MIXED WITH SOME FACULTATIVE TYPES | |
| S-W | SPRING TYPE MIXED WITH SOME WINTER TYPES | |
| W | WINTER | |
| W-F | WINTER TYPE MIXED WITH SOME FACULTATIVE TYPES | |
| W-S | WINTER TYPE MIXED WITH SOME SPRING TYPES |
Average height of plants at maturity, from the ground to top of the spike, excluding awns.
Height of the wheat plant from ground to the top of the spike (excluding awns) at maturity. Expressed as a ratio of the check entry.
Days from January 1 (Julian) when 50% of the spikes are fully exserted from the boot.
Days to Anthesis from sowing day
Number of days from January 1 (inclusive) when 50% of the spikes are fully exserted from the boot. Expressed as a ratio of the check entry.
Laboratory determination of chromosome number.
Thousand kernel weight.
Awn length
Days to heading from sowing day
Days to maturity from sowing day
Fertility of basal floret
| Code | Term | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Fertile | |
| 2 | Sterile |
Flag leaf attitude
Legend:
Erect
Medium
Horizontal
Grain filling period
Growth habit
| Code | Term | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Erect | |
| 2 | Intermediate | |
| 3 | Prostrate |
Glume shoulder shape
| Code | Term | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Shoulder absent | |
| 3 | Oblique | |
| 5 | Equal | |
| 7 | Elevated | |
| 9 | Rounded |
Leaf attitude
| Code | Term | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Erect | |
| 5 | Medium | |
| 9 | Horizontal |
Leaf length
Leaf width
Leaf size and shape
| Code | Term | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Broad - large | |
| 5 | Medium | |
| 9 | Narrow - small |
Spike length
Peduncle extrusion
Peduncle length
Number of spikelets groups per spike
Vitreousness
Waxiness of plant
| Code | Term | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Waxy | |
| 5 | Intermediate | |
| 9 | Not waxy | |
| 10 | Mixture |
Cold Tolerance
| Code | Term | Description |
|---|---|---|
| R | Resistant | |
| MR | Moderately resistant | |
| M | Medium response | |
| MS | Moderately susceptable | |
| S | Susceptable | |
| T | Tolerance | |
| H | Heterogenity |
Grain yield is the product of accumulating dry matter (i.e., biomass) and allocating a portion of the total aboveground biomass to the grain.
Stem solidness
| Code | Term | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Solid | |
| 2 | Hollow | |
| M | Mixed |
Resistance to fusarium scale 1-9
Legend:
Resistant
Modirate
Susceptible